Hair Loss After Bariatric Surgery: Causes and Solutions

Hair loss is one of the most common concerns following bariatric surgery. Known as telogen effluvium, this condition, while temporary, can feel alarming because of the role hair plays in our body image and self-esteem. Here’s what you need to know about why this happens and how to manage it effectively.

Why Does Hair Loss Happen After Bariatric Surgery?

Hair growth occurs in cycles, and human scalp hair follows four distinct phases:

1. Anagen Phase (Growth Phase):
   • Approximately 90% of hair is in this phase at any given time.
   • Hair grows about 1 cm every 28 days and remains in this phase for 2–7 years.
   • Protein, vitamins, and minerals are essential for healthy hair production during this phase.
2. Catagen Phase (Transition Phase):
   • Lasts about 10 days, during which the hair follicle reduces in size and detaches from the root.
3. Telogen Phase (Resting Phase):
   • Around 10–20% of hair enters this phase, which lasts about 100 days.
   • Hair follicles become inactive during this phase.
4. Exogen Phase (Shedding Phase):
   • Old hair falls out, and new hair begins to grow.
   • Normally, 50–120 hairs are shed daily.

After bariatric surgery, hair loss is primarily due to telogen effluvium, where a significant number of hairs prematurely transition from the anagen phase to the telogen phase.

Triggers for Telogen Effluvium After Surgery:

1. Major Surgical Stress:
   • Surgery is a significant stressor that can shock the hair growth cycle, leading to telogen effluvium.
2. Rapid Weight Loss:
   • Bariatric surgery often results in dramatic weight loss, which can exacerbate hair shedding.
   • Nutritional deficiencies caused by reduced food intake and malabsorption are common contributing factors.

How Long Does Hair Loss Last?

• Hair shedding due to telogen effluvium typically begins 2–3 months after surgery and resolves within 6–8 months.
• If hair loss persists beyond 8 months, it may indicate nutritional deficiencies rather than telogen effluvium.

Managing Hair Loss After Bariatric Surgery

1. Educate and Reassure

• Understand that telogen effluvium is temporary and self-limiting.
• Hair regrowth is expected once the body adapts to postoperative changes.

2. Address Nutritional Deficiencies

• Persistent hair loss beyond 8 months may result from deficiencies in:
  • Protein
  • Iron
  • Zinc
  • Biotin
  • Vitamins D, B6, and B12
• To combat this, ensure a balanced intake of:
  • High-protein foods (e.g., eggs, fish, and lean meats)
  • Multivitamin supplements tailored for bariatric patients
  • Trace elements and minerals

3. Lifestyle Adjustments

• Stress management techniques, such as yoga or meditation, may reduce the severity of hair loss.
• Maintain hydration and avoid excessive use of hair styling tools or harsh treatments.

Key Takeaway

Hair loss after bariatric surgery can be distressing but is a common and temporary side effect of the procedure. It typically resolves on its own as the body stabilizes. Ensuring proper nutrition, managing stress, and being patient with the recovery process will help minimize hair loss and promote regrowth.

References:

1. Almohanna, H.M., Ahmed, A.A., Tsatalis, J.P. et al. The Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Hair Loss: A Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 9, 51–70 (2019).
2. Mysore V, Parthasaradhi A, Kharkar RD, et al. Expert consensus on the management of Telogen Effluvium in India. Int J Trichology. 2019.

Optimize your recovery journey by staying informed and proactive in managing your health!